Know-how Information, Articles And Options
Aristotle, Hugh of St Victor, Johann Beckmann and Talcott Parsons , for example, had been instrumentalists. The Kultur-oriented German engineers of the nineteenth century, Lewis Mumford, and the 1960s critics of expertise took the cultural view of know-how. Schatzberg has supplied a wonderful service by tracing the conceptual history of know-how so clearly. This intervening power is the nature, the essence if you will, of know-how. It is present in the sublime of planetary science but also the mundane of adjusting gear while driving a automobile, or even brushing your teeth. Investigating this intervening energy is a way of opening up what ‘designed’ and ‘material’ mean in the definition of technology as a designed, materials means to an end. Let us begin with the instrumentalist approach that technologies are means to ends and see if it can be improved. Prayers, spoken language and swimming strokes are means to ends; two of them are strategies and as such they share a family resemb